First of all, upon filing bankrupcy a creditor will be notified of the filed bankruptcy. A creditor may object to the bankruptcy. Also, upon filing the bankruptcy, under all chapters in bankruptcy, any creditor must stop any collection letters, harassing telephone calls, or any pending litigation and any and all attempts to collect any judgment that was held against the debtor. This stopping of the creditors is done by the legal term or art called "automatic stay." This automatic stay occurs immediately after the bankruptcy is filed with the court. Basically, this automatic stay prevents any creditor from attempting to collect on a debt that you may owe them. This automatic stay lasts until that case is closed, dismissed or a discharge is granted or denied upon the debt. So, when a bankruptcy is filed any creditor may not call, or sue you for any debt that they think you owe to them.
Remember though, this is a serious thing and a creditor can be subject to penalties if they ignore the stay by attempting to collect. What this means is that a creditor must go through the court to collect on any alleged debt. A creditor does this by filing a "Proof of Claim." Also, the creditor may even object to the bankruptcy itself. A debtor also may try to persuade the court to not allow their debt to be discharged. So, this means that a debtor, by filing bankruptcy may stop harassing phone calls, wage garnishment and other legal actions.
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